Gyroplanes vs Fixed Wing Aircraft
and Helicopters?
旋翼机与固定翼飞机和直升机相比，有什么不同呢？
Gyroplane is defined as Light Sport Aircraft (LSA) with MTOW of 600kg in China.
旋翼机在中国属于轻型运动类航空器（LSA）类别，最大起飞重量不超过600公斤。
(源自网络)
A gyroplane is generally capable of flying slower (more safely) than a fixed wing aircraft, whilst at the same time it is not possible to stall a gyroplane. On the other hand, the cruise speed of a gyroplane is normally less than a fixed wing aircraft.
自转旋翼机通常比固定翼飞机飞得更慢更安全，而且不会失速。另一方面，旋翼机的巡航速度一般达不到固定翼飞机的速度。
(源自网络)
Unlike a helicopter, the rotor blades of a gyroplane are not powered by the engine but driven only by the air (auto-rotation). As a consequence there is no torque reaction and no need for a tail rotor (a known source of failure and accidents with helicopters) to counteract this effect.
与直升机不同，旋翼机的旋翼叶片不是由发动机驱动的，而是由气流驱动的 (自动旋转)。因此，旋翼机的旋翼叶片没有反作用力，也不需要一个尾桨 (直升机出现过很多尾桨导致的故障和事故) 来抵消这种影响。
Gyroplanes can fly as fast as helicopters but cannot hover. A gyroplane can be slowed down to 0 km/h but only at the cost of losing altitude. The minimum horizontal speed without any loss of altitude is around 20-30 knots 30-45 km/h, depending on factors such as weight and engine configuration.
自转旋翼机可以像直升机飞得一样快，但不能旋停。旋翼机可以减速到0公里/小时，但在此期间会小幅度损失飞行高度。旋翼机没有任何高度损失的最低水平速度约为20-30节30-45公里/小时，这取决于其重量和发动机配置等因素。
The powered rotor blades make it possible for a helicopter to hover, but this also makes the aircraft very complicated to handle and expensive to fly and maintain. Due to the gyroplanes inherent simplicity, it is easier to operate and less expensive to maintain than helicopters.
有发动机驱动的旋翼叶片可使直升机旋停，但这也让直升机操作变得复杂，而且其飞行和维护费用也非常昂贵。由于旋翼机具备与生俱来的简单特性，它比直升机更容易操作，维护成本更低。
Helicopters try to avoid hovering whenever possible while operating at a low altitude and outside of ground effect, because of the dangers of failing to recover (i.e. establishing autorotation, a constant state during flight with a gyroplane) after a sudden engine failure. For surveillance operations, the preferred procedure for helicopters is to circle in a slow orbit. In the same manner a gyroplane can circle in a slow orbit, thus making it the more cost efficient platform for surveillance and monitoring purposes.
直升机会尽量避免在低空和地面效应情况下旋停，因为那样会大大增加发动机突然故障后无法复飞的风险(例如建立自旋，而旋翼机飞行时即为持续自旋状态)。对于侦察应用来说，直升机的首选做法是在一个缓慢的轨道上绕飞。而自转旋翼机同样可以在一个缓慢的轨道上以相同的方式绕飞，因此它是一个更高效、成本更低的侦察和监控平台。
Any kind of unloading of the rotor (inducing negative G’s) is to be avoided as it may cause critical flight attitudes.
旋翼机在飞行时应避免任何形式的旋翼空载 （包括负载荷），因为这会导致飞行姿态的剧烈改变。
Advantages of a Gyroplane
总结一下，旋翼机的优势具体有哪些呢？
•only very short take-off distances and landing distances required
短距离起降
•wide speed range / possibility to fly at extremely low speeds
飞行速度范围大、可超低速飞行
•stability high degree of safety and comfort even during strong winds and turbulences
即使在强风和强气流中也能保证高度的安全性和舒适感
•no stalling possible
不会失速
•no tailspin, thus no tail rotor required
不会尾旋，因此不需要尾桨
•simple to own and operate
购买方便、操作简单
•easy to transport
运输便利
•minimum storage space required
所需存放空间小
•low fuel consumption (min ROZ 95)
低油耗 (最低标准可使用95号汽油)
•high cost efficiency: a gyroplane uses about 10% of the acquisition and operational costs of a helicopter, but can fulfill 90% of the tasks carried out by a helicopter
高性价比：一架旋翼机的购买和运营成本大约只占直升机的10%，但可以完成直升机可执行的90%的任务